About the Percentage Calculator
Three calculations in one: a percentage of a number, what percentage one number is of another, and the increase or decrease between two values. The third is the one people usually get wrong by hand.
The three percentage formulas
- X% of Y = Y × X ÷ 100. 15% of 80 is 12.
- X is what % of Y = X ÷ Y × 100. 12 out of 80 is 15%.
- Change from A to B = (B − A) ÷ A × 100. From 80 to 92 is a 15% increase.
Percentage points vs percent
If an interest rate goes from 4% to 5%, it has risen by one percentage point - but by 25 percent. Both are correct, and mixing them up is the most common percentage mistake in news and reports.
Discounts, tax and loans
A 20% discount followed by 20% off again is a 36% discount, not 40%. Adding or removing VAT has its own trap - use the VAT calculator, which divides correctly. For interest over time, the loan calculator shows the full schedule.
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